Lithuania Government

Lithuania is a representative democracy state. Leaders are elected to represent citizens in the parliament. They exercise multi-party democracy. The president is the head of state while the prime minister heads the government. The president has the powers to appoint the premier who must be approved by the Lithuanian parliament. The prime minister, in turn, appoints the ministers. The prime minister represents the government and heads all the activities of the government. The ministers are in charge of all the affairs related to their respective ministries.

Only 71 of the 141 legislatures are elected for a four-year term in their respective constituencies. The other 70 members of parliament are elected in a national election based on proportional representation. Individuals residing in Lithuania with a nationality to countries in the European Union are allowed to vote for delegates to the European Parliament. The voting is by secret ballot. It is organized and conducted by Central Electoral Commission and monitored by local and international observers.

The Republic of Lithuania has a Unicameral Parliamentary House called the Seimas. The proceedings of the Seimas are held in the Seimas Palace. The Seimas Palace is located in the center of Vilnius at the end of Gediminas Avenue. The Seimas Palace consists of three buildings: the first building hosts the proceedings of Seimas while the second one houses the Ministry of Finance and the Lithuanian SSR. The official presidential residence is referred to the Presidential Palace. It is located in the old town of Vilnius. The palace was built in the 14th century but it was officially recognized as the presidential residence in 1997.

Lithuania has a multiparty system of government where coalition governments must be formed. Active parties include the Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union, the Homeland Union, the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, and the Liberal Movement.

This page was last modified on May 1st, 2018

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Published on 2019-11-06


Capital	Vilnius
Languages	Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other 0.9%, unspecified 3.5% (2011 est.)
Ethnic Groups	Lithuanian 84.1%, Polish 6.6%, Russian 5.8%, Belarusian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.2% (2011 est.)
Religion	Roman Catholic 77.2%, Russian Orthodox 4.1%, Old Believer 0.8%, Evangelical Lutheran 0.6%, Evangelical Reformist 0.2%, other (including Sunni Muslim, Jewish, Greek Catholic, and Karaite) 0.8%, none 6.1%, unspecified 10.1% (2011 est.)
Government	Semi-presidential republic
Independance	11 March 1990 (declared); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date), 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created), 16 February 1918 (independence from Soviet Russia)
Area	65,300.00 km²
Water Area	2,620.00 km²
Land Area	62,680.00 km²
Population	2,854,235.00 Fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda
Location	Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus
No. Bordering Countries	4
Bordering Countries	Belarus 640 km, Latvia 544 km, Poland 104 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 261 km
GDP(PPP)	$85,620,000,000.00 (USD)
GDP (Per Capita)	$29,900.00 (USD)
Export Partners	Its major export partners are Russia, Latvia, and Poland.
Export Commodities	Its main exports are refined fuel, machinery and equipment, and chemicals.
Import Partners	Its major import partners are Russia, Germany, and Poland.
Import Commodities	Its major imports include oil, natural gas, machinery and equipment.
Climate	Transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
Terrain	Lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil
Learn More	Lithuania

Lithuania Government

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