Ethiopia Government

The Republic of Ethiopia runs a Federal parliamentary system of governance. The person that heads the government is the Prime Minister. It is the prerogative of parliament to appoint the prime minister. Ethiopia’s government comprises of the executive, legislature, and judiciary. The executive arm of power is also known as the Council of the ministers. It consists of the Prime Minister, the Deputy Prime Minister, and Cabinet ministers.

The Prime Minister and the President are both appointed by Parliament for a six-year term of service. Ethiopians elect the members of the Ethiopian parliament for a five-year term. The chosen individuals form the House of Representatives (Yehizbte wekayoch Mekir Bet) and House of Federation (YefedereshnMekir Bet). The Electoral Board is the body mandated to lead the elections in Ethiopia.

The President’s official residence is within the National Palace located in Addis Ababa, the nation’s capital. The members of the Ethiopian parliament hold their sessions within the Ethiopian Parliament building. The building, similar to the president’s residence, is located in Addis Ababa. It was built in the early 1930s.

Ethiopia is home to a multi-party system. Major coalitions include the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front and the Coalition for Unity and Democracy.

This page was last modified on May 1st, 2018

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Published on 2019-11-06


Capital	Addis Ababa
Languages	Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of the State of Afar) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (2007 est.)
Ethnic Groups	Oromo 34.4%, Amhara (Amara) 27%, Somali (Somalie) 6.2%, Tigray (Tigrinya) 6.1%, Sidama 4%, Gurage 2.5%, Welaita 2.3%, Hadiya 1.7%, Afar (Affar) 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 8.8% (2007 est.)
Religion	Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Muslim 33.9%, Protestant 18.5%, traditional 2.7%, Catholic 0.7%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)
Government	Federal parliamentary republic
Independance	Oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years (may be traced to the Aksumite Kingdom, which coalesced in the first century B.C.)
Area	1,104,300.00 km²
Water Area	104,300.00 km²
Land Area	1,000,000.00 km²
Population	102,374,044.00
Location	Eastern Africa, west of Somalia
No. Bordering Countries	6
Bordering Countries	Djibouti 342 km, Eritrea 1,033 km, Kenya 867 km, Somalia 1,640 km, South Sudan 1,299 km, Sudan 744 km
GDP(PPP)	$175,000,000,000.00 (USD)
GDP (Per Capita)	$1,900.00 (USD)
Export Partners	Its major export partners are Switzerland, China, the United States, and the Netherlands.
Export Commodities	Its main exports are coffee, oilseeds, and edible vegetables.
Import Partners	Its major import partners are China, the United States, and Saudi Arabia.
Import Commodities	Its major imports include machinery and aircraft, metal, and electrical materials.
Climate	Tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation
Terrain	High plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley
Learn More	Ethiopia

Ethiopia Government

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