Bulgaria Government

In Bulgaria, the head of the state is the president and the head of the government is the prime minister. This makes Bulgaria a parliamentary representative democratic republic. According to the constitution adopted in July 1991, the executive power is vested in the cabinet which includes the ministers and the Prime Minister. The Narodno Sabranie (National Assembly) is tasked with legislative power while the legislature is tasked with interpreting the constitution, laws and delivering justice.

Bulgaria holds presidential and legislative elections. The president is elected by a popular vote by the people to serve for a five-year term renewable once. The 240 members of the National Assembly are elected by proportional representation. The multi-party system in the country is designed such that the government must be formed by two or more parties. Parliamentary elections are scheduled to happen after every four years.

The National Assembly Building is located in the state’s capital of Sofia. Some of the administrative offices are housed at the Bulgarian Communist Party building due to insufficient space in the Parliament Building. Plans are underway to move the entire assembly to the old Party house building. The president resides at the Boyana residence in Sofia.

The major political parties in Bulgaria, include the GERB, the Bulgarian Socialist Party, the Movement for Rights and Freedoms, the United Patriots, and Will.

This page was last modified on May 1st, 2018

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Published on 2019-11-06


Capital	Sofia
Languages	Bulgarian (official) 76.8%, Turkish 8.2%, Romani 3.8%, other 0.7%, unspecified 10.5% (2011 est.)
Ethnic Groups	Bulgarian 76.9%, Turkish 8%, Romani 4.4%, other 0.7% (including Russian, Armenian, and Vlach), other (unknown) 10% (2011 est.)
Religion	Eastern Orthodox 59.4%, Muslim 7.8%, other (including Catholic, Protestant, Armenian Apostolic Orthodox, and Jewish) 1.7%, none 3.7%, unspecified 27.4% (2011 est.)
Government	Parliamentary republic
Independance	3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire); 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the Ottoman Empire)
Area	110,879.00 km²
Water Area	2,390.00 km²
Land Area	108,489.00 km²
Population	7,144,653.00 A fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger populations
Location	Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey
No. Bordering Countries	5
Bordering Countries	Greece 472 km, Macedonia 162 km, Romania 605 km, Serbia 344 km, Turkey 223 km
GDP(PPP)	$143,000,000,000.00 (USD)
GDP (Per Capita)	$20,100.00 (USD)
Export Partners	Its major export partners are Germany, Italy, Turkey, or Romania.
Export Commodities	Its main exports are clothing, footwear, iron and steel, and machinery.
Import Partners	Its major import partners are Germany, Russia, and Italy.
Import Commodities	Its major imports include machinery and equipment, metals and ores, and chemicals.
Climate	Temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
Terrain	Mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
Learn More	Bulgaria

Bulgaria Government

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